A study on the correlation between serum levels of IL-33 and its receptor sST2 and GDM in pregnant women

Article ID: 4745

Keywords: pregnant women; serum IL-33 levels; sST2 levels; GDM; correlation

Abstract

Objective To explore the correlation between serum levels of interleukin-33 (IL-33) and its receptor soluble tumor suppressor 2 (sST2) and gestational
diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women. Methods One hundred and fifteen
pregnant women who underwent regular obstetric examination at the Obstetrics
Department of Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September
2022 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed as the study subjects and
were divided into the GDM group (n=53) and the normal glucose tolerance (NGT)
group (n=62) on the basis of the results of the OGTT at 24-28 weeks’ gestation.
The differences in general information and laboratory indicators between the two
groups were compared. The risk of GDM in pregnant women was analyzed by
multifactorial logistic regression; the correlation of IL-33 and sST2 levels with
fasting glucose (FPG) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) at OGT T time
was analyzed by Pearson’s linear analysis; and the predictive value of IL-33 and
sST2 levels on the risk of GDM in pregnant women was analyzed by using the
subject’s work characteristics (ROC) curve. The predictive value of IL-33 and
sST2 levels on the risk of GDM in pregnant women was also analyzed using the
ROC curve. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that fasting insulin
(FINS), hemoglobin (Hb), total cholesterol (TC), FBG, eosinophil count (EOS),
glutamyltransferase (GGT), HOMA-IR, IL-33, and sST2 were higher than those
in the NGT group in the GDM group, and the amount of post-partum hemorrhage
and LDL were lower than that in the NGT group (P<0.05). P<0.05); Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that serum IL-33 level was negatively correlated
with maternal FPG and HOMA-IR in the GDM group (P<0.05), and sST2 level
was positively correlated with maternal FPG and HOMA-IR in the GDM group
(P<0.05); multifactor logistic regression analysis The results showed that a total
of six indicators, FINS, Hb, FBG, HOMA-IR, IL-33 and sST2, were independent
risk factors for the occurrence of GDM in pregnant women (P<0.05), in which
the higher the levels of serum FINS, Hb, FBG, HOMA-IR, IL-33 and sST2, the
higher the risk of occurrence of GDM; and the results of ROC curve analysis
showed that: The area under the curve (AUC) of the two combined to predict the
occurrence of GDM in pregnant women was 0.911, with a sensitivity of 85.06%
and a specificity of 83.39%, which had a higher predictive value compared with
a single indicator (P<0.05). Conclusion Serum IL-33 and its sST2 levels were
significantly increased after the occurrence of GDM in pregnant women, and the levels of serum IL-33 and its receptor sST2 could be used to predict the occurrence of GDM in pregnant women, which has an ideal evaluation value and is
worthy of popularization and application.